Flower profile
Balkan toadflax
Linaria dalmatica
Balkan toadflax is a wildflower that USDA PLANTS lists as introduced in the lower 48 states. It's on our flower lists for 4 states, and across the U.S. it's most often seen in bloom in May–October.
*iNaturalist research-grade observations, as of October 17, 2026.
Quick look
Linaria dalmatica is a herbaceous, short-lived perennial plant in the family Plantaginaceae native to western Asia and southeastern Europe. As with related species, it was formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae (figwort) family. Its common names include Balkan toadflax, broadleaf toadflax, and Dalmatian toadflax. The distribution of L.
- It belongs to the Plantaginaceae family. iNaturalist
- USDA PLANTS describes it as an herb (forb) with a perennial life cycle. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS lists it as introduced in the lower 48 states and records it in 31 states. USDA PLANTS
- NatureServe lists it as not native to Colorado, Utah, Montana and Wyoming. NatureServe
- In Colorado, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in May–October. iNaturalist
- In Utah, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in May–October. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 3,576 research-grade sightings of it in Colorado, ranking #35 among the 110 flowers on our Colorado list. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 1,004 research-grade sightings of it in Utah, ranking #53 among the 109 flowers on our Utah list. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 448 research-grade sightings of it in Montana, ranking #101 among the 109 flowers on our Montana list. iNaturalist
State flower gift ideas
This one is a regulated invasive plant, so here are state flower gifts instead.
🌱 Sample spot. Handmade gift picks from independent shops will appear here once our shop partnership is approved. These cards are placeholders, not real products.
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State flower print
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Birth-flower necklace
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Wildflower seed favors
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Botanical tea towel
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Pressed-flower frame
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Flower-garden mug
When does it bloom?
Conservation status
- Federal (U.S. ESA)
- Not listed No U.S. Endangered Species Act listing in the USFWS ECOS database. USFWS ECOS
- NatureServe global
- G5 Secure worldwide. NatureServe
- Colorado
- No list Colorado has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Colorado ranks instead. NatureServe: SNA, not applicable (usually because it isn't native there) in Colorado.
- Utah
- No list Utah has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Utah ranks instead. NatureServe: SNA, not applicable (usually because it isn't native there) in Utah.
- Montana
- No list Montana has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Montana ranks instead. NatureServe: SNA, not applicable (usually because it isn't native there) in Montana.
- Wyoming
- No list Wyoming has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Wyoming ranks instead. NatureServe: SNA, not applicable (usually because it isn't native there) in Wyoming.
- Rare elsewhere
- No other U.S. state ranks it S1, S2, SH or SX.
Checked October 17, 2026. Rankings and lists can change, so follow the links for the latest.
Can you eat it?
None of the sources we checked (NC State Extension (no page for this plant), USDA PLANTS) say whether it's edible or poisonous for people.
It isn't on the ASPCA plant list.
🌿 Never eat a wild plant unless you're certain of its ID; this isn't medical advice. Worried about a person? Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. Worried about a pet? Call your vet.
Where does it grow?
USDA PLANTS records balkan toadflax in 31 states.
recorded by USDA PLANTS on our state lists not recorded
See the full list of states
Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming.
Colorado counties with USDA records: Baca, Boulder, Dolores, El Paso, Garfield, Jefferson, Larimer, Las Animas, Moffat, Montezuma, Pitkin, Routt, San Miguel, Washington.
Utah counties with USDA records: Beaver, Cache, Emery, Garfield, Grand, Rich, Salt Lake, San Juan, Summit, Uintah, Utah, Wasatch.
Montana counties with USDA records: Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Daniels, Dawson, Deer Lodge, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Garfield, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Hill, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis and Clark, Liberty, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Musselshell, Park, Phillips, Pondera, Prairie, Ravalli, Richland, Roosevelt, Rosebud, Sanders, Sheridan, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Teton, Toole, Valley, Wibaux, Yellowstone.
More Colorado flowers
Sources
- USDA, NRCS. PLANTS Database, profile LIDA.
- iNaturalist, Linaria dalmatica: taxonomy, research-grade observation counts and “Flowering” annotations, retrieved October 17, 2026.
- Wikipedia, Linaria dalmatica (lead quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Colorado: Colorado noxious weed lists A, B and C (8 CCR 1206-2, eff. May 15, 2025).
- Utah: Utah noxious weed list (Utah Admin. Code R68-9-3).
- Montana: Montana noxious weed list (Admin. R. Mont. 4.5.206–4.5.210).
- Wyoming: Wyoming state designated noxious weeds (W.S. 11-5-102(a)(xi)), as listed by the Wyoming Weed & Pest Council.
- USFWS, ECOS species database (ESA listing check), October 17, 2026.
- NatureServe Explorer, Linaria dalmatica (global and state ranks).
- Edibility and toxicity: no source found (marked "not well documented").
- Photo: Daughter Dad via iNaturalist · CC BY 4.0 · resized.