Bloomipedia
Oregon grape (Berberis aquifolium)
Photo: Daughter Dad via iNaturalist · CC BY 4.0 · resized

Flower profile

Oregon grape

Berberis aquifolium

★ Official state flower of Oregon (1899)Native in the lower 48

Oregon grape is a flowering plant that USDA PLANTS lists as native in the lower 48 states. It's on our flower lists for 3 states, and across the U.S. it's most often seen in bloom in March–May.

11states
3of our state lists
18,051U.S. sightings*

*iNaturalist research-grade observations, as of October 17, 2026.

On our lists for: Idaho, Oregon, Washington

🏅
Oregon's official state flower since 1899. Visit the Oregon page → Senate Concurrent Resolution 4 (1899), listed in ORS chapter 186 notes Also known as Mahonia aquifolium.

Quick look

Berberis aquifolium, the Oregon grape, holly-leaved barberry, or Mahonia, is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Berberidaceae. It is an evergreen shrub growing up to 3 metres (10 ft) tall and 1.5 m (5 ft) wide. It has pinnate leaves consisting of spiny leaflets, exhibiting dense clusters of yellow flowers in early spring, followed by dark bluish-black berries.

  • It belongs to the Berberidaceae family. iNaturalist
  • USDA PLANTS describes it as a shrub / a subshrub with a perennial life cycle. USDA PLANTS
  • USDA PLANTS lists it as native in the lower 48 states and records it in 11 states. USDA PLANTS
  • NatureServe lists it as native to Washington, Oregon and Idaho. NatureServe
  • In Washington, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in March–May. iNaturalist
  • In Oregon, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in March–May. iNaturalist
  • USDA PLANTS lists its flower color as yellow. USDA PLANTS
  • USDA PLANTS gives its bloom period as late spring. USDA PLANTS
  • USDA PLANTS lists a mature height of about 8 ft. USDA PLANTS
  • iNaturalist has 7,583 research-grade sightings of it in Washington, ranking #13 among the 110 flowers on our Washington list. iNaturalist
  • iNaturalist has 7,103 research-grade sightings of it in Oregon, ranking #4 among the 110 flowers on our Oregon list. iNaturalist
  • iNaturalist has 577 research-grade sightings of it in Idaho, ranking #53 among the 109 flowers on our Idaho list. iNaturalist

Oregon grape gift ideas

Handmade oregon grape gifts from independent makers.

When does it bloom?

Flowering records by month across the U.S. (iNaturalist research-grade observations marked “Flowering”) (1,259 records)
Bloom time in each of our 3 states
StateTypePeak bloomSightings*
WashingtonNativeMarch–May7,583
OregonNativeMarch–May7,103
IdahoNativeFebruary–May577

Conservation status

Federal (U.S. ESA)
Not listed No U.S. Endangered Species Act listing in the USFWS ECOS database. USFWS ECOS
NatureServe global
G5 Secure worldwide. NatureServe
Washington
No list Washington has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants (the Washington Natural Heritage Program's rare plant list isn't regulatory), so we show NatureServe's Washington ranks instead. NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in Washington.
Oregon
Not listed Not on Oregon endangered and threatened plants (OAR 603-073-0070). NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in Oregon. OAR 603-073-0070
Idaho
No list Idaho has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Idaho ranks instead. NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in Idaho.
Rare elsewhere
No other U.S. state ranks it S1, S2, SH or SX.

Checked October 17, 2026. Rankings and lists can change, so follow the links for the latest.

Can you eat it?

For peopleCaution: partly edible, partly poisonous

NC State Extension lists it as poisonous to humans (severity: low). Poisonous parts: bark, leaves, roots, sap/juice. Symptoms they list: “Ingestion may cause minor illnesses such as vomiting or diarrhea.” They also note: “Not poisonous, but berries contain berberine that can cause stomach upset, especially with children.” NC State Extension

For petsNot well documented

It isn't on the ASPCA plant list, and NC State Extension doesn't flag it for pets.

🌿 Never eat a wild plant unless you're certain of its ID; this isn't medical advice. Worried about a person? Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. Worried about a pet? Call your vet.

Where does it grow?

USDA PLANTS records Oregon grape in 11 states plus Washington, D.C.

recorded by USDA PLANTS on our state lists not recorded

See the full list of states

California, Georgia, Idaho, Kentucky, Michigan, Montana, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Washington; District of Columbia.

Washington counties with USDA records: Chelan, Clallam, Clark, Ferry, Grays Harbor, Island, King, Kitsap, Kittitas, Klickitat, Lewis, Lincoln, Mason, Okanogan, Pend Oreille, Pierce, San Juan, Skagit, Skamania, Snohomish, Spokane, Stevens, Thurston, Walla Walla, Whitman, Yakima.

Oregon counties with USDA records: Benton, Clackamas, Clatsop, Coos, Curry, Deschutes, Douglas, Hood River, Jackson, Jefferson, Josephine, Klamath, Lane, Lincoln, Linn, Marion, Multnomah, Polk, Tillamook, Umatilla, Union, Wasco, Washington, Wheeler, Yamhill.

Idaho counties with USDA records: Ada, Adams, Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Canyon, Clearwater, Custer, Elmore, Gem, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Valley.

More Washington flowers

Sources