Bloomipedia
Rose clover (Trifolium hirtum)
Photo: Chuck Wilson via iNaturalist · CC0 · resized

Flower profile

Rose clover

Trifolium hirtum

Not native to California

Rose clover is a wildflower that USDA PLANTS lists as introduced in the lower 48 states. In California it's most often seen in bloom in March–May.

9states
12,510CA sightings*
12,698U.S. sightings*

*iNaturalist research-grade observations, as of October 17, 2026.

On our lists for: California

Quick look

Trifolium hirtum, commonly known as rose clover, is a species of flowering plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is native to Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced and cultivated elsewhere.

  • It belongs to the Fabaceae family. iNaturalist
  • USDA PLANTS describes it as an herb (forb) with a annual life cycle. USDA PLANTS
  • USDA PLANTS lists it as introduced in the lower 48 states and records it in 9 states. USDA PLANTS
  • NatureServe lists it as not native to California. NatureServe
  • In California, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in March–May. iNaturalist
  • USDA PLANTS lists its flower color as red. USDA PLANTS
  • USDA PLANTS gives its bloom period as early spring. USDA PLANTS
  • USDA PLANTS lists a mature height of about 0.8 ft. USDA PLANTS
  • iNaturalist has 12,510 research-grade sightings of it in California, ranking #66 among the 110 flowers on our California list. iNaturalist

Rose clover gift ideas

Handmade rose clover gifts from independent makers.

When does it bloom?

In California, most flowering sightings come in March–May.

Flowering records by month in California (iNaturalist research-grade observations marked “Flowering”) (6,132 records)

Conservation status

Federal (U.S. ESA)
Not listed No U.S. Endangered Species Act listing in the USFWS ECOS database. USFWS ECOS
NatureServe global
GNR Not yet ranked worldwide. NatureServe
California
Not listed Not on California state-listed endangered, threatened and rare plants (14 CCR § 670.2), per CDFW's CNDDB list (July 2026). NatureServe: SNA, not applicable (usually because it isn't native there) in California. CNDDB listed plants (July 2026)
Rare elsewhere
No other U.S. state ranks it S1, S2, SH or SX.

Checked October 17, 2026. Rankings and lists can change, so follow the links for the latest.

Can you eat it?

For peopleNot well documented

None of the sources we checked (NC State Extension (no page for this plant), USDA PLANTS) say whether it's edible or poisonous for people.

For petsNot well documented

It isn't on the ASPCA plant list. For context only: ASPCA lists a related species, Trifolium hybridum (“Alsike Clover”), as non-toxic to dogs and cats. That doesn't tell us about this species, so keep pets away to be safe. ASPCA

🌿 Never eat a wild plant unless you're certain of its ID; this isn't medical advice. Worried about a person? Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. Worried about a pet? Call your vet.

Where does it grow?

USDA PLANTS records rose clover in 9 states.

recorded by USDA PLANTS on our state lists not recorded

See the full list of states

Alabama, California, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, North Carolina, Oregon, Tennessee, Virginia.

California counties with USDA records: Alameda, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Contra Costa, Fresno, Glenn, Kern, Los Angeles, Madera, Marin, Mariposa, Mendocino, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer, Plumas, Riverside, Sacramento, San Diego, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Shasta, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba.

More California flowers

Sources