
Flower profile
Desert ironwood
Olneya tesota
Desert ironwood is a flowering plant that USDA PLANTS lists as native in the lower 48 states. In Arizona it's most often seen in bloom in April–May.
*iNaturalist research-grade observations, as of October 17, 2026.
On our lists for: Arizona
Quick look
Olneya tesota is a perennial flowering tree of the family Fabaceae, legumes, which is commonly known as ironwood, desert ironwood, or palo fierro in Spanish. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Olneya. This tree is part of the western Sonoran Desert in Mexico and United States.
- It belongs to the Fabaceae family. iNaturalist
- USDA PLANTS describes it as a shrub / a tree with a perennial life cycle. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS lists it as native in the lower 48 states and records it in 2 states. USDA PLANTS
- NatureServe lists it as native to Arizona. NatureServe
- In Arizona, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in April–May. iNaturalist
- USDA PLANTS lists its flower color as purple. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS gives its bloom period as early spring. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS lists a mature height of about 25 ft. USDA PLANTS
- iNaturalist has 5,227 research-grade sightings of it in Arizona, ranking #16 among the 109 flowers on our Arizona list. iNaturalist
Desert ironwood gift ideas
Handmade desert ironwood gifts from independent makers.
🌱 Sample spot. Handmade gift picks from independent shops will appear here once our shop partnership is approved. These cards are placeholders, not real products.
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Desert ironwood art print
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Desert ironwood greeting card
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Desert ironwood mug
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Desert ironwood earrings
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Desert ironwood embroidery pattern
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Desert ironwood sticker
When does it bloom?
In Arizona, most flowering sightings come in April–May.
Conservation status
- Federal (U.S. ESA)
- Not listed No U.S. Endangered Species Act listing in the USFWS ECOS database. USFWS ECOS
- NatureServe global
- G4 Apparently secure worldwide. NatureServe
- Arizona
- Salvage restricted On Arizona Native Plant Law protected plants (Ariz. Admin. Code R3-3 Art. 11, App. A, eff. Feb. 2, 2025): salvage restricted (permit needed to remove). NatureServe: S4, apparently secure in Arizona. AAC R3-3 App. A
- Rare elsewhere
- No other U.S. state ranks it S1, S2, SH or SX.
Checked October 17, 2026. Rankings and lists can change, so follow the links for the latest.
Please don't pick or dig this flower: it's on Arizona's rare plant list (salvage restricted). AAC R3-3 App. A
Can you eat it?
None of the sources we checked (NC State Extension (no page for this plant), USDA PLANTS) say whether it's edible or poisonous for people.
It isn't on the ASPCA plant list.
🌿 Never eat a wild plant unless you're certain of its ID; this isn't medical advice. Worried about a person? Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. Worried about a pet? Call your vet.
Where does it grow?
USDA PLANTS records desert ironwood in 2 states.
recorded by USDA PLANTS on our state lists not recorded
See the full list of states
Arizona, California.
Arizona counties with USDA records: La Paz, Maricopa, Mohave, Pima, Pinal, Yuma.
More Arizona flowers
Sources
- USDA, NRCS. PLANTS Database, profile OLTE.
- iNaturalist, Olneya tesota: taxonomy, research-grade observation counts and “Flowering” annotations, retrieved October 17, 2026.
- Wikipedia, Olneya (lead quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Arizona: Arizona Native Plant Law protected plants (Ariz. Admin. Code R3-3 Art. 11, App. A, eff. Feb. 2, 2025).
- Arizona: Arizona prohibited noxious weeds (Ariz. Admin. Code R3-4-245).
- USFWS, ECOS species database (ESA listing check), October 17, 2026.
- NatureServe Explorer, Olneya tesota (global and state ranks).
- Edibility and toxicity: no source found (marked "not well documented").
- Photo: Cactus Kelly via iNaturalist · CC BY 4.0 · resized.


