
Garden flower
Roses (genus Rosa)
Rosa
Roses (genus Rosa) is a popular garden flower. It's on our flower lists for 50 states, and across the U.S. it's most often seen in bloom in April–July.
*iNaturalist research-grade observations, as of October 17, 2026. Planted garden flowers are mostly excluded from research grade.
On our lists for: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Quick look
A rose is either a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. The plants range in size and form, from trailing and erect shrubs to climbers up to 7 metres (23 ft) in height. Sharp prickles appear on the stems of many species.
- It belongs to the Rosaceae family. iNaturalist
- USDA PLANTS describes it as a subshrub with a perennial life cycle. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS lists it as introduced in the lower 48 states and records it in 1 states. USDA PLANTS
- In California, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in April–August. iNaturalist
- In New York, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in May–July. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 17,460 research-grade sightings of it in California, ranking #31 among the 110 flowers on our California list. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 15,141 research-grade sightings of it in New York, ranking #4 among the 109 flowers on our New York list. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 13,125 research-grade sightings of it in Massachusetts, ranking #1 among the 110 flowers on our Massachusetts list. iNaturalist
Roses gift ideas
Handmade roses gifts from independent makers.
🌱 Sample spot. Handmade gift picks from independent shops will appear here once our shop partnership is approved. These cards are placeholders, not real products.
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Roses art print
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Roses greeting card
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Roses mug
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Roses embroidery pattern
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Roses sticker
When does it bloom?
Bloom time in each of our 50 states
| State | Type | Peak bloom | Sightings* |
|---|---|---|---|
| California | 🌷 Garden | April–August | 17,460 |
| New York | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 15,141 |
| Massachusetts | 🌷 Garden | May–August | 13,125 |
| Ohio | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 11,875 |
| Pennsylvania | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 10,757 |
| New Jersey | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 8,831 |
| Virginia | 🌷 Garden | April–July | 8,421 |
| Washington | 🌷 Garden | May–June | 7,351 |
| Maryland | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 7,291 |
| Maine | 🌷 Garden | June–October | 6,374 |
| Michigan | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 6,369 |
| North Carolina | 🌷 Garden | April–July | 6,114 |
| Illinois | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 5,378 |
| Texas | 🌷 Garden | March–June | 4,001 |
| Oregon | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 3,986 |
| Indiana | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 3,963 |
| Connecticut | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 3,853 |
| Tennessee | 🌷 Garden | April–July | 3,643 |
| Wisconsin | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 2,779 |
| Alaska | 🌷 Garden | June–August | 2,697 |
| Rhode Island | 🌷 Garden | May–August | 2,548 |
| Kentucky | 🌷 Garden | April–June | 2,453 |
| Missouri | 🌷 Garden | April–June | 2,361 |
| Vermont | 🌷 Garden | June–July | 1,782 |
| New Hampshire | 🌷 Garden | June–September | 1,696 |
| Colorado | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 1,655 |
| West Virginia | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 1,458 |
| Georgia | 🌷 Garden | March–May | 1,433 |
| Delaware | 🌷 Garden | May–June | 1,241 |
| Arkansas | 🌷 Garden | April–June | 1,225 |
| Minnesota | 🌷 Garden | June–July | 1,194 |
| Arizona | 🌷 Garden | May–August | 1,109 |
| Iowa | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 840 |
| Utah | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 824 |
| Alabama | 🌷 Garden | March–June | 731 |
| New Mexico | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 706 |
| Kansas | 🌷 Garden | May–June | 703 |
| Nevada | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 569 |
| Oklahoma | 🌷 Garden | April–June | 540 |
| Idaho | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 537 |
| Mississippi | 🌷 Garden | March–June | 528 |
| South Carolina | 🌷 Garden | March–May | 520 |
| Florida | 🌷 Garden | March–May | 513 |
| Louisiana | 🌷 Garden | February–May | 492 |
| Nebraska | 🌷 Garden | May–July | 397 |
| South Dakota | 🌷 Garden | few records | 367 |
| Montana | 🌷 Garden | June–July | 325 |
| North Dakota | 🌷 Garden | June–July | 309 |
| Wyoming | 🌷 Garden | few records | 148 |
| Hawaii | 🌷 Garden | few records | 47 |
Conservation status
- Federal (U.S. ESA)
- Not listed No U.S. Endangered Species Act listing in the USFWS ECOS database. USFWS ECOS
- NatureServe
- Unknown We couldn't find this name in NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe
- California
- n/a California's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. CNDDB listed plants (July 2026)
- New York
- n/a New York's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. 6 NYCRR § 193.3
- Massachusetts
- n/a Massachusetts's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. MESA list
- Ohio
- n/a Ohio's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. OAC 1501:18-1-03
- Pennsylvania
- n/a Pennsylvania's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. 17 Pa. Code Ch. 45
- New Jersey
- n/a New Jersey's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. N.J.A.C. 7:5C-5.1
- Virginia
- n/a Virginia's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. 2VAC5-320-10
- Washington
- No list Washington has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants (the Washington Natural Heritage Program's rare plant list isn't regulatory), so we show NatureServe's Washington ranks instead.
- Maryland
- n/a Maryland's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. COMAR 08.03.08
- Maine
- n/a Maine's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. Maine rare plant list
- Michigan
- n/a Michigan's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. R 299.1028
- North Carolina
- n/a North Carolina's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. 02 NCAC 48F .0301
- Illinois
- n/a Illinois's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. IL E&T checklist 2025
- Texas
- n/a Texas's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. 31 TAC 69.8
- Oregon
- n/a Oregon's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. OAR 603-073-0070
- Indiana
- No list Indiana has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants (the DNR keeps a rare plant list, but it isn't regulatory), so we show NatureServe's Indiana ranks instead.
- Connecticut
- n/a Connecticut's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. CT E/T/SC list
- Tennessee
- n/a Tennessee's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. TN rule 0400-06-02-.04
- Wisconsin
- n/a Wisconsin's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. NR 27.03
- Alaska
- No list Alaska has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Alaska ranks instead.
- Rhode Island
- n/a Rhode Island's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. RI rare plants 2016
- Kentucky
- n/a Kentucky's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. 400 KAR 3:040
- Missouri
- n/a Missouri's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. 3 CSR 10-4.111
- Vermont
- n/a Vermont's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. Vermont E&T list
- New Hampshire
- n/a New Hampshire's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. NH Ncr 312
- Colorado
- No list Colorado has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Colorado ranks instead.
- West Virginia
- No list West Virginia has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants (only federally listed species are protected), so we show NatureServe's West Virginia ranks instead.
- Georgia
- n/a Georgia's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. Ga. R. 391-4-10-.09
- Delaware
- n/a Delaware's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. DE rare plants 2024
- Arkansas
- No list Arkansas has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Arkansas ranks instead.
- Minnesota
- n/a Minnesota's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. Minn. R. 6134.0300
- Arizona
- n/a Arizona's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. AAC R3-3 App. A
- Iowa
- n/a Iowa's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. IAC 571-77.3
- Utah
- No list Utah has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Utah ranks instead.
- Alabama
- No list Alabama has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Alabama ranks instead.
- New Mexico
- n/a New Mexico's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. 19.21.2.9 NMAC
- Kansas
- No list Kansas's endangered and threatened list (K.A.R. 115-15-1) covers animals only, so we show NatureServe's Kansas ranks for plants.
- Nevada
- n/a Nevada's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. NAC 527.010
- Oklahoma
- No list Oklahoma has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Oklahoma ranks instead.
- Idaho
- No list Idaho has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Idaho ranks instead.
- Mississippi
- No list Mississippi has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Mississippi ranks instead.
- South Carolina
- No list South Carolina has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's South Carolina ranks instead.
- Florida
- n/a Florida's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. FAC 5B-40.0055
- Louisiana
- No list Louisiana has no state list of endangered or threatened plants separate from the federal list, so we show federal status and NatureServe's Louisiana ranks.
- Nebraska
- n/a Nebraska's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. 163 NAC 4-004
- South Dakota
- No list South Dakota's endangered and threatened list (ARSD 41:10:02) covers animals only, so we show NatureServe's South Dakota ranks for plants.
- Montana
- No list Montana has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Montana ranks instead.
- North Dakota
- No list North Dakota has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's North Dakota ranks instead.
- Wyoming
- No list Wyoming has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's Wyoming ranks instead.
- Hawaii
- n/a Hawaii's list is by species, so a whole genus isn't assessed. HAR 13-107
Checked October 17, 2026. Rankings and lists can change, so follow the links for the latest.
Can you eat it?
NC State Extension notes: “The fruit (called the hip) is edible. Flower petals are edible.” NC State Extension
ASPCA's entry “Rose” (Rosa Species), which covers the whole genus, lists it as non-toxic to dogs, cats and horses. Eating lots of any plant can still upset a pet's stomach. ASPCA
🌿 Never eat a wild plant unless you're certain of its ID; this isn't medical advice. Worried about a person? Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. Worried about a pet? Call your vet.
Where does it grow?
USDA PLANTS records roses (genus Rosa) in 1 states.
recorded by USDA PLANTS on our state lists not recorded
See the full list of states
Michigan.
More California flowers
Sources
- USDA, NRCS. PLANTS Database, profile ROAL3.
- iNaturalist, Rosa: taxonomy, research-grade observation counts and “Flowering” annotations, retrieved October 17, 2026.
- Wikipedia, Rose (lead quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0).
- N.Y. State Law § 84: New York state flower.
- Okla. Stat. tit. 25, § 92(B): Oklahoma state flower.
- California: California state-listed endangered, threatened and rare plants (14 CCR § 670.2), per CDFW's CNDDB list (July 2026).
- California: California noxious weed species (3 CCR § 4500).
- New York: New York protected native plants (6 NYCRR § 193.3).
- New York: New York prohibited and regulated invasive species (6 NYCRR Part 575).
- Massachusetts: Massachusetts Endangered Species Act list (321 CMR 10.90).
- Massachusetts: Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List (MDAR) (Text from MDAR's 2023 scientific-name PDF (mass.gov blocks automated downloads); 2024-2026 additions listed on the mass.gov page: Alnus glutinosa, Pyrus calleryana, Miscanthus sinensis, Aralia elata, Rhodotypos scandens, Symplocos paniculata.).
- Ohio: Ohio endangered and threatened plants (Ohio Adm. Code 1501:18-1-03, eff. Dec. 26, 2024).
- Ohio: Ohio invasive plant species (Ohio Adm. Code 901:5-30-01).
- Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania classified native plants (17 Pa. Code Ch. 45, Subchapter B, as amended 2023).
- Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Noxious Weed List (3 Pa.C.S. § 1519, PA Dept. of Agriculture) (PDA's page spells garlic mustard “Allaria petiolata”; we match it as Alliaria petiolata).
- New Jersey: New Jersey Endangered Plant Species List (N.J.A.C. 7:5C-5.1).
- New Jersey: New Jersey prohibited invasive plant species (Invasive Species Management Act; propagation banned from Jan 1, 2027, sale from Jan 1, 2030).
- Virginia: Virginia endangered and threatened plant and insect species (2VAC5-320-10).
- Virginia: Virginia noxious weeds (2VAC5-317-20, Tier 1, 2 and 3).
- Washington: Washington State noxious weed list (WAC 16-750-005, -011, -015).
- Maryland: Maryland threatened and endangered plants (COMAR 08.03.08.05, .06 and .08).
- Maryland: Maryland Prohibited Invasive Plant List (COMAR 15.06.04.06; MDA, updated July 2026).
- Maine: Maine Rare Plant List (Maine Natural Areas Program, 2021). E and T are Maine's official endangered and threatened plants (12 M.R.S.); SC and PE are tracking categories.
- Maine: Maine Do Not Sell invasive plant list (01-001 C.M.R. ch. 273).
- Michigan: Michigan endangered and threatened plants (Mich. Admin. Code R 299.1028, eff. March 20, 2023).
- Michigan: Michigan prohibited and restricted species (NREPA Part 413 and the 2026 Invasive Species Order), as listed by Michigan's Invasive Species Program.
- North Carolina: North Carolina Protected Plant Species List (02 NCAC 48F .0301).
- North Carolina: North Carolina Noxious Weed List (02 NCAC 48A .1702) (the list names any non-native Lythrum; we apply it to purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), which isn't native).
- Illinois: Illinois List of Endangered and Threatened Flora (17 Ill. Adm. Code 1050), per the Endangered Species Protection Board's 2025 checklist.
- Illinois: Illinois Official List of Exotic Weeds (17 Ill. Adm. Code 1100.30, Illinois Exotic Weed Act).
- Texas: Texas endangered and threatened plants (31 Tex. Admin. Code § 69.8), as listed by Texas Parks and Wildlife.
- Texas: Texas noxious and invasive plant list (4 Tex. Admin. Code § 19.300(a)).
- Oregon: Oregon endangered and threatened plants (OAR 603-073-0070).
- Oregon: Oregon noxious weed quarantine, A and B weeds (OAR 603-052-1200).
- Indiana: Indiana prohibited invasive terrestrial plants (312 IAC 18-3-25).
- Connecticut: Connecticut Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Plants (RCSA 26-306; 2015 list).
- Connecticut: Connecticut prohibited invasive plants (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-381d).
- Tennessee: Tennessee endangered plants (Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0400-06-02-.04, Rare Plant Protection and Conservation Act).
- Tennessee: Tennessee Pest Plant List (Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0080-06-24-.02).
- Wisconsin: Wisconsin endangered and threatened species list (Wis. Admin. Code NR 27.03).
- Wisconsin: Wisconsin invasive species rule (Wis. Admin. Code NR 40.04 prohibited, NR 40.05 restricted).
- Alaska: Alaska prohibited and restricted noxious weeds (11 AAC 34.020).
- Rhode Island: Rhode Island Rare Plants 2016 (RI Natural History Survey, from the RI Wildlife Action Plan; informational, Rhode Island has no state plant-protection listing law).
- Kentucky: Kentucky endangered and threatened plant lists (400 KAR 3:040, eff. 2026).
- Kentucky: Kentucky noxious weeds and invasive plants on state rights-of-way (KRS 176.051; species list from the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet).
- Missouri: Missouri Wildlife Code endangered species (3 CSR 10-4.111), plants.
- Missouri: Missouri noxious weed list (2 CSR 70-45.005).
- Vermont: Endangered and Threatened Plants of Vermont (10 V.S.A. chap. 123; list of Feb 10, 2022).
- Vermont: Vermont Quarantine List, Regulated Introduced Plant Species Rule (eff. June 16, 2026).
- New Hampshire: New Hampshire Official Rare Plants List (Ncr 312, eff. Jan 1, 2020).
- New Hampshire: NH Prohibited Invasive Species List (Agr 3800, Table 3800.1).
- Colorado: Colorado noxious weed lists A, B and C (8 CCR 1206-2, eff. May 15, 2025).
- West Virginia: West Virginia noxious weeds (W. Va. Code R. § 61-14A-5) (the rule abbreviates some names (e.g. “P. cuspidatum”); we expand them to match).
- Georgia: Georgia protected plants (Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. 391-4-10-.09; a 2026 update is proposed).
- Delaware: Rare and Uncommon Plants of Delaware (DNREC, 2024; informational, Delaware has no state plant-protection list).
- Delaware: Delaware Invasive Plant List (3 Del. Admin. Code § 806-3.0).
- Arkansas: Arkansas State Plant Board noxious weeds and prohibited plants (2 CAR § 50-101).
- Minnesota: Minnesota endangered, threatened and special concern plants (Minn. R. 6134.0300).
- Minnesota: Minnesota Noxious Weed List (Minn. Stat. § 18.79; Minnesota Department of Agriculture, updated January 2026).
- Arizona: Arizona Native Plant Law protected plants (Ariz. Admin. Code R3-3 Art. 11, App. A, eff. Feb. 2, 2025).
- Arizona: Arizona prohibited noxious weeds (Ariz. Admin. Code R3-4-245).
- Iowa: Iowa endangered, threatened and special concern plants (Iowa Admin. Code r. 571-77.3).
- Iowa: Iowa noxious weeds (Iowa Code § 317.1A).
- Utah: Utah noxious weed list (Utah Admin. Code R68-9-3).
- Alabama: Alabama noxious weeds (Ala. Admin. Code r. 80-10-14-.04).
- New Mexico: New Mexico state endangered plant species (19.21.2.9 NMAC).
- New Mexico: New Mexico Noxious Weed List (NM Department of Agriculture, updated June 2020).
- Kansas: Kansas noxious weeds (K.A.R. 4-8-44, as amended 2026).
- Nevada: Nevada fully protected plants, critically endangered (NAC 527.010).
- Nevada: Nevada noxious weeds (NAC 555.010).
- Oklahoma: Oklahoma Noxious Weed Law (2 O.S. § 3-220).
- Idaho: Idaho noxious weeds (IDAPA 02.06.09, Section 220).
- Mississippi: Mississippi Noxious Weed List (2 Miss. Code R. 1-3-01-136.01).
- South Carolina: South Carolina State Plant Pest List, plants (S.C. Code Regs. 27-135; Clemson Dept. of Plant Industry).
- Florida: Florida Regulated Plant Index (Fla. Admin. Code 5B-40.0055).
- Florida: Florida Noxious Weed List (Fla. Admin. Code 5B-57.007).
- Nebraska: Nebraska threatened and endangered species (163 Neb. Admin. Code ch. 4, § 004).
- Nebraska: Nebraska noxious weeds (25 Neb. Admin. Code ch. 10, § 001.02).
- South Dakota: South Dakota statewide noxious weeds (ARSD 12:62:03:01.06).
- Montana: Montana noxious weed list (Admin. R. Mont. 4.5.206–4.5.210).
- North Dakota: North Dakota state noxious weeds (N.D. Admin. Code 7-06-01-02), as listed by the ND Department of Agriculture.
- Wyoming: Wyoming state designated noxious weeds (W.S. 11-5-102(a)(xi)), as listed by the Wyoming Weed & Pest Council.
- Hawaii: Hawaii threatened and endangered plants (HAR 13-107; the state list follows the federal list), DLNR Division of Forestry and Wildlife.
- Hawaii: Hawaii noxious weed list (HAR 4-68).
- USFWS, ECOS species database (ESA listing check), October 17, 2026.
- Edibility and toxicity: NC State Extension; ASPCA.
- Photo: Steven Lamonde via iNaturalist · CC BY 4.0 · resized.


