Flower profile
Toyon
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Toyon is a flowering plant that USDA PLANTS lists as native in the lower 48 states. In California it's most often seen in bloom in May–September.
*iNaturalist research-grade observations, as of October 17, 2026.
On our lists for: California
Quick look
Heteromeles arbutifolia, commonly known as toyon, is a perennial evergreen shrub or small tree with distinctive red fruits native to California, Oregon and Mexico. It is the sole species in the genus Heteromeles.
- It belongs to the Rosaceae family. iNaturalist
- USDA PLANTS describes it as a shrub / a tree with a perennial life cycle. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS lists it as native in the lower 48 states and records it in 2 states. USDA PLANTS
- NatureServe lists it as native to California. NatureServe
- In California, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in May–September. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 49,508 research-grade sightings of it in California, ranking #3 among the 110 flowers on our California list. iNaturalist
Toyon gift ideas
Handmade toyon gifts from independent makers.
🌱 Sample spot. Handmade gift picks from independent shops will appear here once our shop partnership is approved. These cards are placeholders, not real products.
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Toyon art print
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Toyon greeting card
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Toyon mug
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Toyon earrings
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Toyon embroidery pattern
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Toyon sticker
When does it bloom?
In California, most flowering sightings come in May–September.
Conservation status
- Federal (U.S. ESA)
- Not listed No U.S. Endangered Species Act listing in the USFWS ECOS database. USFWS ECOS
- NatureServe global
- G5 Secure worldwide. NatureServe
- California
- Not listed Not on California state-listed endangered, threatened and rare plants (14 CCR § 670.2), per CDFW's CNDDB list (July 2026). NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in California. CNDDB listed plants (July 2026)
- Rare elsewhere
- No other U.S. state ranks it S1, S2, SH or SX.
Checked October 17, 2026. Rankings and lists can change, so follow the links for the latest.
Can you eat it?
None of the sources we checked (NC State Extension (no page for this plant), USDA PLANTS) say whether it's edible or poisonous for people.
It isn't on the ASPCA plant list.
🌿 Never eat a wild plant unless you're certain of its ID; this isn't medical advice. Worried about a person? Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. Worried about a pet? Call your vet.
Where does it grow?
USDA PLANTS records toyon in 2 states.
recorded by USDA PLANTS on our state lists not recorded
See the full list of states
California, Hawaii.
California counties with USDA records: Alameda, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Contra Costa, El Dorado, Fresno, Humboldt, Kern, Lake, Los Angeles, Madera, Marin, Mariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Orange, Placer, Plumas, Riverside, Sacramento, San Benito, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Francisco, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Tulare, Tuolumne, Ventura, Yolo, Yuba.
More California flowers
Sources
- USDA, NRCS. PLANTS Database, profile HEAR5.
- iNaturalist, Heteromeles arbutifolia: taxonomy, research-grade observation counts and “Flowering” annotations, retrieved October 17, 2026.
- Wikipedia, Heteromeles (lead quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0).
- California: California state-listed endangered, threatened and rare plants (14 CCR § 670.2), per CDFW's CNDDB list (July 2026).
- California: California noxious weed species (3 CCR § 4500).
- USFWS, ECOS species database (ESA listing check), October 17, 2026.
- NatureServe Explorer, Heteromeles arbutifolia (global and state ranks).
- Edibility and toxicity: no source found (marked "not well documented").
- Photo: Anne Parsons via iNaturalist · CC0 · resized.