
Flower profile
Wood lily
Lilium philadelphicum
Wood lily is a wildflower that USDA PLANTS lists as native in the lower 48 states. It's on our flower lists for 3 states, and across the U.S. it's most often seen in bloom in June–July.
*iNaturalist research-grade observations, as of October 17, 2026.
On our lists for: Maine, North Dakota, South Dakota
Quick look
Lilium philadelphicum, also known as the wood lily, flame lily, Philadelphia lily, (wild) tiger lily, prairie lily, or western red lily, is a perennial species of lily native to North America.
- It belongs to the Liliaceae family. iNaturalist
- USDA PLANTS describes it as an herb (forb) with a perennial life cycle. USDA PLANTS
- USDA PLANTS lists it as native in the lower 48 states and records it in 36 states. USDA PLANTS
- NatureServe lists it as native to Maine, South Dakota and North Dakota. NatureServe
- In Maine, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in July. iNaturalist
- In South Dakota, most iNaturalist sightings of it in flower come in June–July. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 721 research-grade sightings of it in Maine, ranking #98 among the 110 flowers on our Maine list. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 371 research-grade sightings of it in South Dakota, ranking #32 among the 108 flowers on our South Dakota list. iNaturalist
- iNaturalist has 220 research-grade sightings of it in North Dakota, ranking #28 among the 109 flowers on our North Dakota list. iNaturalist
Wood lily gift ideas
Handmade wood lily gifts from independent makers.
🌱 Sample spot. Handmade gift picks from independent shops will appear here once our shop partnership is approved. These cards are placeholders, not real products.
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Wood lily art print
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Wood lily greeting card
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Wood lily mug
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Wood lily earrings
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Wood lily embroidery pattern
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Wood lily sticker
When does it bloom?
Bloom time in each of our 3 states
| State | Type | Peak bloom | Sightings* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maine | Native | July | 721 |
| South Dakota | Native | June–July | 371 |
| North Dakota | Native | June–July | 220 |
Conservation status
- Federal (U.S. ESA)
- Not listed No U.S. Endangered Species Act listing in the USFWS ECOS database. USFWS ECOS
- NatureServe global
- G5 Secure worldwide. NatureServe
- Maine
- Not listed Not on Maine Rare Plant List (Maine Natural Areas Program, 2021). E and T are Maine's official endangered and threatened plants (12 M.R.S.); SC and PE are tracking categories. NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in Maine. Maine rare plant list
- South Dakota
- No list South Dakota's endangered and threatened list (ARSD 41:10:02) covers animals only, so we show NatureServe's South Dakota ranks for plants. NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in South Dakota.
- North Dakota
- No list North Dakota has no state law listing endangered or threatened plants, so we show NatureServe's North Dakota ranks instead. NatureServe: SNR, not yet ranked in North Dakota.
- Rare elsewhere
- Other states where NatureServe ranks it rare or missing: AL (S1), DC (SH), DE (SX), GA (S1), IN (S2), MD (S1), NC (S1), OH (S2), WV (S2), WY (S2). (S1 critically imperiled, S2 imperiled, SH possibly extirpated, SX presumed extirpated.)
Checked October 17, 2026. Rankings and lists can change, so follow the links for the latest.
Can you eat it?
None of the sources we checked (NC State Extension (no edibility or poison notes on its page), USDA PLANTS) say whether it's edible or poisonous for people. NC State Extension
ASPCA's entry “Lily” (Lilium species), which covers the whole genus, lists it as toxic to cats, but non-toxic to dogs and horses. Signs include: Cats: kidney… ASPCA
🌿 Never eat a wild plant unless you're certain of its ID; this isn't medical advice. Worried about a person? Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. Worried about a pet? Call your vet.
Where does it grow?
USDA PLANTS records wood lily in 36 states plus Washington, D.C.
recorded by USDA PLANTS on our state lists not recorded
See the full list of states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming; District of Columbia.
Maine counties with USDA records: Androscoggin, Cumberland, Franklin, Hancock, Kennebec, Lincoln, Oxford, Penobscot, Sagadahoc, Somerset, Waldo, York.
South Dakota counties with USDA records: Brookings, Codington, Custer, Day, Hamlin, Lawrence, Marshall, Meade, Pennington, Roberts.
North Dakota counties with USDA records: Barnes, Benson, Bottineau, Burke, Burleigh, Cass, Dickey, Divide, Dunn, Eddy, Emmons, Grand Forks, Kidder, LaMoure, McHenry, McKenzie, McLean, Mercer, Mountrail, Oliver, Pembina, Pierce, Ransom, Renville, Richland, Rolette, Sargent, Sheridan, Steele, Stutsman, Walsh, Ward, Wells, Williams.
More Maine flowers
Sources
- USDA, NRCS. PLANTS Database, profile LIPH.
- iNaturalist, Lilium philadelphicum: taxonomy, research-grade observation counts and “Flowering” annotations, retrieved October 17, 2026.
- Wikipedia, Lilium philadelphicum (lead quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Maine: Maine Rare Plant List (Maine Natural Areas Program, 2021). E and T are Maine's official endangered and threatened plants (12 M.R.S.); SC and PE are tracking categories.
- Maine: Maine Do Not Sell invasive plant list (01-001 C.M.R. ch. 273).
- South Dakota: South Dakota statewide noxious weeds (ARSD 12:62:03:01.06).
- North Dakota: North Dakota state noxious weeds (N.D. Admin. Code 7-06-01-02), as listed by the ND Department of Agriculture.
- USFWS, ECOS species database (ESA listing check), October 17, 2026.
- NatureServe Explorer, Lilium philadelphicum (global and state ranks).
- Edibility and toxicity: NC State Extension; ASPCA.
- Photo: jeffcherry via iNaturalist · CC0 · resized.


